Hydrocarbon meaning

Hydrocarbons: -

The organic compounds containing only two elements, carbon and hydrogen are called hydocarbons.

Examples: 1) CNG (compressed natural gas)

                  2)  LPG (liquefied petroleum gas)

                  3)  LNG (liquefied natural gas)

                  4)  Petrol

                  5)  Diesel

Classification: -

1 1)  Aliphatic Hydrocarbon

Hydrocarbon containing open chain of carbon atoms are called Aliphatic hydrocarbon.

Classified in 2 types -

·        Saturated hydrocarbon - hydrocarbons which contain all CC single bonds called Alkanes.

                 Examples: Propane CH₃ –CH₂ –CH ₃

                                  Butane   CH₃–CH₂ –CH ₂–CH ₃

·        Unsaturated hydrocarbon - further classified into

a)     Alkenes - The unsaturated hydrocarbons containing C = C (double bond) called as Alkenes.

Examples: Ethene CH ₂ = CH ₂ 

                  Propene CH ₃ - CH = CH ₂

b)     Alkynes - The unsaturated hydrocarbon containing (triple bond)  called as Alkynes.

Examples: 

2) Alicyclic Hydrocarbon

Hydrocarbon containing rings of carbon atoms and have properties similar to that of aliphatic hydrocarbons are called as alicyclic hydrocarbons.

Examples: Cyclopropane  

                     Cyclobutane

3) Aromatic Hydrocarbons

 Hydrocarbons containing one or more benzene rings in their structure are called aromatic hydrocarbon.

Examples Naphthalene